Many Americans are surprised to hear that circumcision (the surgical removal of the foreskin) is uncommon in the western world. Foreigners are often shocked to learn that this practice exists in the U.S. It is an outmoded practice that was introduced in the U.S. by an anti-sexual Victorian initiative which began around the 1830’s. Numerous publications between the 1830’s to times even as late as the 1970’s had been advocating circumcision as a means to prevent masturbation, and permanently desensitize the penis.(2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12)
Circumciser's had then moved on to manufacture a sleuth scientifically unfounded health claims, all of which have been thoroughly discredited. These claims were designed to cater to the fears and anxieties our culture has at any given time. Some of these included epilepsy, convulsions, paralysis, elephantiasis, tuberculosis, eczema, bed-wetting, hip-joint disease, fecal incontinence, rectal prolapse, wet dreams, hernia, headaches, nervousness, hysteria, poor eyesight, idiocy, mental retardation, insanity, strabismus, hydrocephalus, clubfoot, cancer, STD’s, UTI’s, and etcetera.(13) Circumcision has remained a solution in search of a problem ever since. Many Americans are surprised to discover that female genital cutting (FGC) had shared a strikingly similar history in the United States. (4,14,15,16,17,18,19). FGC was even covered by Blue Cross Blue Shield until 1977.
One study showed that 40% of parents believe the doctors failed to provide enough information, 46% reported that doctors failed to give them any medical information, and 82.8% of parents regretted the decision they made within the first six months of their sons life(20) Another study found that physicians were less likely to circumcise their own sons.(21) This suggests that they know very well that circumcision is a non-therapeutic (ritual) surgery; but they do not seem to share this knowledge with the parents. A busy physician can supplement their annual income with as much as $60,000 from the circumcision surgery alone.(22) Such an incentive can cloud a physician’s judgment when it comes to providing parents with accurate circumcision related information. Many parents are surprised to hear that anesthetic is not always used.(23) Local anesthetic drives up the cost of the surgery significantly and when it is used it does not reduce the pain entirely. Infants can not be effectively anesthetized because of the risks involved. In the recent past, anesthesia was used rarely if ever. This traumatizing experience has been shown to cause an array of sort and long term behavioral consequences including post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and a possibly self destructive behavior.(24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36) Many circumcised men, some of which are doctors, experience a strong denial of loss that fuels an emotional compulsion to repeat the trauma.(37,38,39,40,41) You may be surprised to learn that FGM victims are often the most vociferous proponents of FGM.
A charity called FOREGEN.ORG is collecting donations for a clinical trial of foreskin regeneration Foregen’s mission is to reverse the damage done by circumcision for men who have suffered surgical and psychological complications.
sry cant fit all my references
(5) Hutchinson J. On Circumcision as preventive of masturbation. Archives of surgery 1891 Jan;2(7);267-9
(12) M. F. Campbell, "The Male Genital Tract and the Female Urethra," in Urology, eds. M. F. Campbell and J. H. Harrison, vol. 2, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1970),1836.
(13) F. A. Hodges, "Short History of the Institutionalization of Involuntary Sexual Mutilation in the United States," in G. C. Denniston and M. F. Milos, eds., Sexual Mutilations: A Human Tragedy (New York: Plenum Press, 1997), 35.
(16) Benjamin E. Dawson, A.M., M.D. Circumcision in the Female: Its Necessity and How to Perform it. American Journal of Clinical Medicine. Vol.22, No. 6, June 1915, pp.520-525
(18) Mc Donald, C.F., M.D. Circumcision of the female. General Practitioner Vol. 18 No3, Sept 1958, pp.98-99
(19) W.G. Rathmann M.D. Female Circumcision: Indications and a new Technique. General practitioner Vol. 20, No.3, Sept 1959, pp.115-120
(20) Adler R, Ottaway S, Gould S. Circumcision: we have heard from the experts; now lets hear from the parents. Pediatrics 2001 Feb;107(2):E20
(22)Fleiss, Paul M.D. What your Doctor May Not Tell You About Circumcision. Warner books. New York. Sept 2002.
(23)Stang , M.J., & Snellman, L.W. (1998). Circumcision practice patterns in the United States. Pediatrics, 101(6)
(25) Porter FL, Miller RH, and Marshal RE. Neonatal pain cries: effect of circumcision on acoustic features and perceived urgency. Child Dev 1986;57:790-802.
(28) Marshall RE, Stratton WC, Moore JA, et al. Circumcision I: effects upon newborn behavior. Infant Behavior and Development 1980;3:1-14.